Researchers examined five insect-generated plant galls on one host plant, finding distinct vasculature and gene expression patterns. Understanding gall diversity can shed light on nutrient transport and organ development in plant-insect interactions.
Researchers explored the association between genetic variations in GABA receptor subunit genes and these disorders in a large sample. They found that some variants increase the risk of developing anxiety and epilepsy, while others are protective. This study highlights the importance of understanding the genetic basis of these disorders and could lead to the development of targeted therapies.
Artemisia indica (Mugwort) has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Researchers isolated three compounds from the herb - carnosol, ursolic acid, and oleanolic acid. These compounds were tested on GABA-A receptors in Xenopus oocytes and in mouse models of acute toxicity, convulsions, depression, and anxiety. The compounds were found to be beneficial for the central nervous system and were demonstrated to have anticonvulsant, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects. The effects were linked to the benzodiazepine binding site of GABA-A receptors. The study provides evidence of the positive effects of nonvolatile components of Artemisia indica on the central nervous system.