Ast and Que, compounds found in chamchwi, were investigated for their anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-induced inflammation in microglial cells and the hippocampus of mice. LPS treatment increased cytotoxicity, NO production, antioxidant activity, ROS, iNOS expression, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and MAPK phosphorylation. Ast and Que reduced the production of NO, iNOS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited MAPK kinase phosphorylation, which mediates inflammation. Ast and Que also inhibited LPS-induced ROS generation and increased radical scavenging. Overall, Ast and Que have anti-neuroinflammatory activity through down-regulation of MAPKs signaling pathways in LPS-activated microglia and the hippocampus of mice.
In this study, researchers looked at three compounds found in edible plants and whether they can protect against cell death in human brain cells. The compounds tested (daucosterol, pectolinarin, and astragalin) were found to have neuroprotective effects and may have potential as treatments for brain-related conditions. The study focused on the action mechanism of the compounds, which means how they work to protect cells. The research was done using H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) to induce cell death in the SK-N-SH cells, which are a type of human brain cell.