Sambucus nigra

Common Names: European black elder, European black elderberry, European elderberry, black elderberry, common elderberry, elderberry, elder

Ethnobotanical Studies

Clinical Trials

Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of American Elderberry Juice for Improving Cognition and Inflammation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Elderberry juice may improve cognitive flexibility and reduce inflammation in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Larger studies needed to confirm benefits.

Curtis AF et al (2024).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms25084352
PubMed:
38673938

Randomized study of the efficacy and safety of oral elderberry extract in the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections.

Zakay-Rones Z et al (2004).
J Int Med Res.
PubMed:
15080016

Studies

Halochromic Bacterial Cellulose/Anthocyanins Hybrid Polymer Film with Wound-Healing Potential.

Zubova G et al (2024).
Polymers (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/polym16162327
PubMed:
39204547

Cell fate simulation reveals cancer cell features in the tumor microenvironment.

Summary

Scientists used single-cell tracking and 3D modeling to study cancer cell behavior in pancreatic and cervical cancer. High levels of a specific modification were linked to enhanced growth in pancreatic cells. Understanding immune cell interactions and cell characteristics can help predict cancer cell fate in the tumor microenvironment.

Cancer
Sato S, Rancourt A and Satoh MS (2024).
J Biol Chem.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107697
PubMed:
39173950

Ethnobotany around the Virovitica Area in NW Slavonia (Continental Croatia)-Record of Rare Edible Use of Fungus Sarccoscypha coccinea.

Ethnobotany
Vitasović-Kosić I et al (2024).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants13152153
PubMed:
39124271

Beyond the border: comparative ethnobotany in Valmalenco (SO, Italy) and Valposchiavo (Canton of Grisons, Switzerland).

Ethnobotany
Milani F et al (2024).
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed.
DOI:
10.1186/s13002-024-00718-4
PubMed:
39113078

Expression of Concern: Starkute et al. Characteristics of Unripened Cow Milk Curd Cheese Enriched with Raspberry (Rubus idaeus), Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Industry By-Products. Foods 2023, 12, 2860.

Foods Editorial Office et al (2024).
Foods.
DOI:
10.3390/foods13142250
PubMed:
39063334

Genus Sambucus: Exploring Its Potential as a Functional Food Ingredient with Neuroprotective Properties Mediated by Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms.

Summary

Review on neuroprotective properties of and its compounds, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroregenerative effects. Benefits in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's models due to polyphenols like anthocyanins. Potential as functional food ingredient discussed. Valuable insights for brain health strategies.

Review ImmunologyNeuroscience
Merecz-Sadowska A et al (2024).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms25147843
PubMed:
39063085

Evaluation of Decay Kinetics of Black Elderberry Antioxidants from Fruits and Flowers.

Golonka I et al (2024).
Antioxidants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/antiox13070804
PubMed:
39061873

A Novel UHPLC-MS/MS Based Method for Isomeric Separation and Quantitative Determination of Cyanogenic Glycosides in American Elderberry.

Phytochemistry
Kasote DM et al (2024).
Metabolites.
DOI:
10.3390/metabo14070360
PubMed:
39057683

Evaluation of the anti-obesity effect of Sambucus nigra L. (elderberry) and Vitex agnus-castus L. (chasteberry) extracts in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.

Summary

Study investigated effects of L. and L. plant extracts on obesity-induced rats. Ethanol extracts of L. flowers and leaves, as well as water extract of L. leaves, showed potential benefits in treating obesity. Further clinical studies needed to confirm efficacy.

Obesity
Ulusoy Ş et al (2024).
Front Pharmacol.
DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2024.1410854
PubMed:
39055496

Novel Betanucleorhabdoviruses Infecting Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Genome Characterization and Genetic Variability.

Genetics
Šafářová D et al (2024).
Pathogens.
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens13060445
PubMed:
38921743

Exploring the Potential of Ribes nigrum L., Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott, and Sambucus nigra L. Fruit Polyphenol-Rich Composition and Metformin Synergy in Type 2 Diabetes Management.

Summary

Polyphenol-rich blend with metformin may improve management of type 2 diabetes by reducing insulin levels, glucose concentrations, and potential side effects. Further research needed for safety and efficacy.

DiabetesPhytochemistry
Zima K et al (2024).
J Diabetes Res.
DOI:
10.1155/2024/1092462
PubMed:
38919261

Can Environmental Stressors Determine the Condition of Ecological Plant Groups?

Koim-Puchowska B et al (2024).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants13111550
PubMed:
38891357

VOLKSMED Database: A Source for Forgotten Wound Healing Plants in Austrian Folk Medicine.

Review
Eichenauer E, Saukel J and Glasl S (2024).
Planta Med.
DOI:
10.1055/a-2225-7545
PubMed:
38843790

Elderberry Leaves with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties as a Valuable Plant Material for Wound Healing.

Immunology
Studzińska-Sroka E et al (2024).
Pharmaceuticals (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/ph17050618
PubMed:
38794188

The mollifying effect of Sambucus nigra extract on StAR gene expression, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by fenpropathrin in male rats.

GeneticsImmunology
Nashed MS et al (2024).
Food Chem Toxicol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2024.114744
PubMed:
38782235

Diet-Induced Rodent Obesity Is Prevented and the Fecal Microbiome Is Improved with Elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. canadensis) Juice Powder.

Summary

Elderberry juice powder reduces diet-induced obesity in mice by altering the fecal microbiome, promoting physical activity, and increasing phenolic metabolite absorption. This can potentially be a natural and effective way to prevent obesity.

Obesity
Minj J et al (2024).
J Agric Food Chem.
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01211
PubMed:
38776153

Identification of immune subsets with distinct lectin binding signatures using multi-parameter flow cytometry: correlations with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Dermatology
Szabó E et al (2024).
Front Immunol.
DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380481
PubMed:
38774868

Changes in serum immunoglobulin G glycosylation patterns for antiphospholipid syndrome patients with lectin microarray.

Wang Y et al (2024).
Scand J Immunol.
DOI:
10.1111/sji.13366
PubMed:
38720518

Fabrication of Multifunctional Nanocomposite Fiber Extracted from Sambucus nigra: Anti-nociceptive, Anti-inflammatory, Self-Cleaning, and UV Blocking.

Summary

Chemical compounds from Sambucus nigra were used to create nanofabric doping/undoping nano-zinc oxide particles with anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Improved self-cleaning and UV-blocking properties were also observed.

ImmunologyPain
Davodiroknabadi A et al (2024).
Appl Biochem Biotechnol.
DOI:
10.1007/s12010-024-04967-7
PubMed:
38683452

In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of Black Elder (Sambucus nigra L.) Fruit and Flower Extracts.

Summary

Black elder fruit and flower extracts have demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects in animal studies, comparable to diclofenac. This suggests potential use in traditional medicine for pain and inflammation.

Immunology
Seymenska D et al (2024).
Pharmaceuticals (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/ph17040409
PubMed:
38675372

Serum Clusterin Concentration and Its Glycosylation Changes as Potential New Diagnostic Markers of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Recovery Process.

Summary

Study found lower CLU concentrations, higher levels of specific glycan reactivities in severe COVID-19 patients compared to convalescents and healthy individuals. These glycomarkers could help differentiate disease severity.

COVID-19
Sołkiewicz K et al (2024).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms25084198
PubMed:
38673784

Correction: Levels and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) near hospitals and schools using leaves and barks of Sambucus nigra and Acacia melanoxylon.

Alexandrino K, Sánchez NE and Viteri F (2024).
Environ Geochem Health.
DOI:
10.1007/s10653-024-01985-6
PubMed:
38664272

Ameliorative effects of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) extract and extract-derived monosaccharide-amino acid on H2O2-induced decrease in testosterone-deficiency syndrome in a TM3 Leydig cell.

Summary

Elderberry extract and FL improve testosterone production and reduce oxidative stress in Leydig cells. Potential natural alternative to testosterone-replacement therapy for age-related testosterone-deficiency syndrome.

Endocrinology
Lee S et al (2024).
PLoS One.
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0302403
PubMed:
38662754

The correlation between human seminal plasma sialoproteins and ejaculate parameters.

Palenikova V et al (2024).
Int J Biol Macromol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131341
PubMed:
38574922

Characterization of mineral composition of leaves and flowers of wild-growing Sambucus nigra.

Qazimi B et al (2024).
Acta Pharm.
DOI:
10.2478/acph-2024-0007
PubMed:
38554380

Elder (Sambucus nigra), identified by high-content screening, counteracts foam cell formation without promoting hepatic lipogenesis.

Steinbauer S et al (2024).
Sci Rep.
DOI:
10.1038/s41598-024-54108-7
PubMed:
38347122

From the name to the popular image of the plant: the Polish names for the black elder (Sambucus nigra).

Kielak O et al (2024).
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed.
DOI:
10.1186/s13002-024-00649-0
PubMed:
38291469

Fruits of Wild-Grown Shrubs for Health Nutrition.

Review
Stabnikova O, Stabnikov V and Paredes-López O (2024).
Plant Foods Hum Nutr.
DOI:
10.1007/s11130-024-01144-3
PubMed:
38280176

Walnut By-Products and Elderberry Extracts-Sustainable Alternatives for Human and Plant Health.

Review
Sandu-Bălan Tăbăcariu A et al (2024).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules29020498
PubMed:
38276576

Fecal-adherent mucus is a non-invasive source of primary human MUC2 for structural and functional characterization in health and disease.

Fancy N et al (2024).
J Biol Chem.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105675
PubMed:
38272223

Detection of Sialic Acid to Differentiate Cervical Cancer Cell Lines Using a Sambucus nigra Lectin Biosensor.

Summary

Scientists developed a biosensor using gold nanoparticles and a lectin to detect abnormal sialic acid in cervical cancer cells. This method can differentiate between cancerous and non-cancerous cells, aiding in the early detection of cervical cancer.

Cancer
Zamudio Cañas R et al (2024).
Biosensors (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/bios14010034
PubMed:
38248411

Elderberry Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Bioactive Compounds: Characterization and Extract Encapsulation.

Domínguez-Valencia R et al (2023).
Foods.
DOI:
10.3390/foods12234233
PubMed:
38231681

Levels and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) near hospitals and schools using leaves and barks of Sambucus nigra and Acacia melanoxylon.

Alexandrino K, Sánchez NE and Viteri F (2024).
Environ Geochem Health.
DOI:
10.1007/s10653-023-01825-z
PubMed:
38227159

Elderberry, An Ancient Remedy: A Comprehensive Study of the Bioactive Compounds in Three Sambucus nigra L. Subspecies.

Review
Uhl K and Mitchell AE (2024).
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol.
DOI:
10.1146/annurev-food-072023-034423
PubMed:
38211940

Lectin-mediated, time-efficient, and high-yield sorting of different morphologically intact nephron segments.

Roskosch J, Huynh-Do U and Rudloff S (2023).
Pflugers Arch.
DOI:
10.1007/s00424-023-02894-w
PubMed:
38091061

Capturing Sialyl-glycan on Live Cancer Cells by Tailored Boronopeptide.

Summary

Scientists used a boronic acid probe to enhance the binding ability of the WGA peptide to sialic acid. This improved binding could be used to profile sialyl-glycan on cancer cells, offering potential benefits over current methods.

Cancer
Chatterjee S et al (2023).
Chemistry.
DOI:
10.1002/chem.202303327
PubMed:
38051420

The Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Microflora of Wild Elderberry in Asturias (Northern Spain): An Untapped Resource of Great Interest.

ImmunologyPhytochemistry
Rodríguez Madrera R and Pando Bedriñana R (2023).
Antioxidants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/antiox12111986
PubMed:
38001839

Wound healing potential of extract from Sambucus nigra L. leaves and its fractions.

Skowrońska W et al (2023).
J Ethnopharmacol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2023.117423
PubMed:
37979821

Gelatin nanofibers with black elderberry, Au nanoparticles and SnO(2) as intelligent packaging layer used for monitoring freshness of Hake fish.

Cetinkaya T et al (2024).
Food Chem.
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137843
PubMed:
37931424

Flavonoid-Rich Sambucus nigra Berry Extract Enhances Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway Activation and Exerts Antiulcerative Effects In Vivo.

Phytochemistry
Cicek B et al (2023).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms242015486
PubMed:
37895164

Sambucus nigra L. (fam. Viburnaceae) in Sicily: Distribution, Ecology, Traditional Use and Therapeutic Properties.

Sala G et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12193457
PubMed:
37836198

New Insights on Primary and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Seven Italian Wild Food Plants with Medicinal Applications: A Comparative Study.

Monari S et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12183180
PubMed:
37765345

Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of Plants and Plant-Based Medicines: Relevance to Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects.

Summary

Various plant extracts were examined for their ability to reduce oxidative stress in brain cells. Elderberry, Queen Garnet plum, and clove showed neuroprotective effects, while elderberry also demonstrated treatment effects. Further research is needed to explore their potential as therapies for oxidative stress-related disorders.

ImmunologyNeuroscience
May N et al (2023).
Nutrients.
DOI:
10.3390/nu15183912
PubMed:
37764696

The Effect of Sample Pretreatment on the Anthocyanin Content in Czech Wild Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.).

Česlová L et al (2023).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules28186690
PubMed:
37764466

Health-Promoting Properties: Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Sambucus nigra L. Flowers and Fruits.

Summary

In this review, scientists examine the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of L. flower and fruit extracts. The antioxidants in L. reduce free radicals and inflammation, prevent cancer mutations, inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. L. could be a safe option for prevention and therapy.

Review CancerImmunology
Stępień AE, Trojniak J and Tabarkiewicz J (2023).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules28176235
PubMed:
37687064

Polyphenolic profiles of a variety of wild berries from the Pacific Northwest region of North America.

Higbee J et al (2023).
Curr Res Food Sci.
DOI:
10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100564
PubMed:
37664004

Ethnobotany for food security and ecological transition: wild food plant gathering and consumption among four cultural groups in Kurram District, NW Pakistan.

Summary

This study emphasizes the importance of documenting wild food plants in rural areas to ensure sustainable livelihoods and food security for the population.

Ethnobotany
Hussain ST et al (2023).
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed.
DOI:
10.1186/s13002-023-00607-2
PubMed:
37658453

Mercury distribution in plants and soils from the former mining area of Abbadia San Salvatore (Tuscany, Central Italy).

Meloni F et al (2023).
Environ Geochem Health.
DOI:
10.1007/s10653-023-01739-w
PubMed:
37648955

Chemical Characterization, Bioactivity and Toxicity of European Flora Plant Extracts in Search for Potential Natural Origin Preservatives.

Martins de Deus B et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12152784
PubMed:
37570937

Characteristics of Unripened Cow Milk Curd Cheese Enriched with Raspberry (Rubus idaeus), Blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) Industry By-Products.

Starkute V et al (2023).
Foods.
DOI:
10.3390/foods12152860
PubMed:
37569128

Anti-Inflammatory and Protective Effects of Water Extract and Bioferment from Sambucus nigra Fruit in LPS-Induced Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Immunology
Wójciak M et al (2023).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms241210286
PubMed:
37373433

Human Health Risk Assessment to the Consumption of Medicinal Plants with Melliferous Potential from the Romanian South-Eastern Region.

Barbeș L, Bărbulescu A and Dumitriu CŞ (2023).
Toxics.
DOI:
10.3390/toxics11060520
PubMed:
37368620

High potential for foliar water uptake in early stages of leaf development of three woody angiosperms.

Losso A et al (2023).
Physiol Plant.
DOI:
10.1111/ppl.13961
PubMed:
37341178

Synthesis of neuraminidase-resistant sialyllactose mimetics from Nacyl mannosamines using metabolically engineered Escherichia coli.

Rivollier P et al (2023).
Chemistry.
DOI:
10.1002/chem.202301555
PubMed:
37294058

Interaction of lectin Sambucus nigra with sialylated trisaccharides in the presence of osmolytes. Chronopotentiometric sensing.

Galicová T, Hasoň S and Ostatná V (2023).
Bioelectrochemistry.
DOI:
10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108457
PubMed:
37196453

Flowers and Inflorescences of Selected Medicinal Plants as a Source of Triterpenoids and Phytosterols.

Edorh Tossa P et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12091838
PubMed:
37176893

Antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of water extracts from Sambucus nigra L. under different conditions.

Immunology
Milkova-Tomova I et al (2023).
Folia Med (Plovdiv).
DOI:
10.3897/folmed.65.e79094
PubMed:
37144315

Wild-Growing and Conventionally or Organically Cultivated Sambucus nigra Germplasm: Fruit Phytochemical Profile, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Leaf Elements.

ImmunologyPhytochemistry
Papagrigoriou T et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12081701
PubMed:
37111924

A Multifaceted Evaluation Approach for Greek Native Neglected and Underutilized Forest Fruit Trees and Shrubs as Natural Sources of Antioxidants: Consolidating the Framework for Their Sustainable Agronomic Exploitation.

Karapatzak E et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12081642
PubMed:
37111865

Elderberry Extracts: Characterization of the Polyphenolic Chemical Composition, Quality Consistency, Safety, Adulteration, and Attenuation of Oxidative Stress- and Inflammation-Induced Health Disorders.

Review Immunology
Osman AG et al (2023).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules28073148
PubMed:
37049909

Modulation of the bacterial virulence and resistance by well-known European medicinal herbs.

Křížkovská B et al (2023).
J Ethnopharmacol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2023.116484
PubMed:
37044231

Sialylation status in placentas from pregnancies with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Summary

Study finds no significant changes in placental sialic acid content or distribution in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2, but more research is needed to understand its impact on placental function.

COVID-19
Perna A et al (2023).
Tissue Cell.
DOI:
10.1016/j.tice.2023.102074
PubMed:
36948081

The Effect of the Plant Stabilisation Method on the Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Elderflower (Sambucus nigra L.) Extract.

Tabaszewska M and Sikora E (2023).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules28052365
PubMed:
36903609

Targeted O-glycoproteomics for the development of diagnostic markers for advanced colorectal cancer.

Cancer
Takakura D et al (2023).
Front Oncol.
DOI:
10.3389/fonc.2023.1104936
PubMed:
36845686

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Leaf and Bark Samples of Sambucus nigra Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Phytochemistry
Viteri F, Sánchez NE and Alexandrino K (2023).
Methods Protoc.
DOI:
10.3390/mps6010017
PubMed:
36827504

Biochemical Characterization of Black and Green Mutant Elderberry during Fruit Ripening.

Mikulic-Petkovsek M et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12030504
PubMed:
36771589

Forced expression of α2,3-sialyltransferase IV rescues impaired heart development in α2,6-sialyltransferase I-deficient medaka.

Cardiology
Omoto T et al (2023).
Biochem Biophys Res Commun.
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.010
PubMed:
36745971

Botanical Ingredient Forensics: Detection of Attempts to Deceive Commonly Used Analytical Methods for Authenticating Herbal Dietary and Food Ingredients and Supplements.

Review
Gafner S et al (2023).
J Nat Prod.
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00929
PubMed:
36716213

Effect of Enriching Gingerbread Cookies with Elder (Sambucus nigra L.) Products on Their Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties, and Sensory Acceptance.

Phytochemistry
Topka P et al (2023).
Int J Mol Sci.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms24021493
PubMed:
36675004

Catanionic Vesicles as a Facile Scaffold to Display Natural N-Glycan Ligands for Probing Multivalent Carbohydrate-Lectin Interactions.

Donahue TC et al (2023).
Bioconjug Chem.
DOI:
10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00560
PubMed:
36642983

Assessment of the role of anthocyanin standardized elderberry (Sambucus nigra) extract as an immune-stimulating nutraceutical of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.

Khan MM et al (2022).
PLoS One.
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0279471
PubMed:
36584192

Comparison of the Formulation, Stability and Biological Effects of Hydrophilic Extracts from Black Elder Flowers (Sambucus nigra L.).

Laurutis A et al (2022).
Pharmaceutics.
DOI:
10.3390/pharmaceutics14122831
PubMed:
36559324

Plant lectins as versatile tools to fight coronavirus outbreaks.

Summary

Plant lectins could be used to combat COVID-19 pandemics by masking the non-glycosylated receptor binding domain of the virus and the corresponding region of the receptor. The ability of plant lectins to interact with the N- and O-glycans present on the spike proteins and their receptors have been analyzed, as well as the in vitro and in vivo anti-COVID-19 activity reported for them. Possible ways for delivery of lectins to block the spikes and/or their receptors are also discussed.

Review COVID-19
Simplicien M et al (2023).
Glycoconj J.
DOI:
10.1007/s10719-022-10094-4
PubMed:
36418811

Oral epithelial cell segmentation from fluorescent multichannel cytology images using deep learning.

Sunny SP et al (2022).
Comput Methods Programs Biomed.
DOI:
10.1016/j.cmpb.2022.107205
PubMed:
36384061

Correction to: Effective removal of Cr (VI) ions using low‑cost biomass leaves (Sambucus nigra L.) in aqueous solution.

Mancilla HB et al (2023).
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-022-24207-x
PubMed:
36380183

Could elderberry fruits processed by modern and conventional drying and extraction technology be considered a valuable source of health-promoting compounds?

Terzić M et al (2023).
Food Chem.
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134766
PubMed:
36368106

Effective removal of Cr (VI) ions using low-cost biomass leaves (Sambucus nigra L.) in aqueous solution.

Mancilla HB et al (2023).
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int.
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-022-24064-8
PubMed:
36350452

Effect of cultivar, maturation stage, and year on sugar and phenolic composition of elderberries.

Phytochemistry
Ferreira SS et al (2023).
J Sci Food Agric.
DOI:
10.1002/jsfa.12271
PubMed:
36229866

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Applications.

Review
Liu D et al (2022).
J Agric Food Chem.
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010
PubMed:
35348337

An Exploratory Review of Potential Adjunct Therapies for the Treatment of Coronavirus Infections.

Summary

This review examined various natural compounds such as vitamin D, zinc, garlic, and elderberry, which could potentially be used to treat coronavirus infections. The study was exploratory and did not provide conclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of these adjunct therapies. However, the findings suggest that further research on these compounds could be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19.

Review COVID-19
Martin BR and Richardson J (2021).
J Chiropr Med.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcm.2021.12.005
PubMed:
34924893

Non-pharmacological remedies for post-viral acute cough.

Ciprandi G and Tosca MA (2021).
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis.
DOI:
10.4081/monaldi.2021.1821
PubMed:
34461702

The effects of Sambucus nigra berry on acute respiratory viral infections: A rapid review of clinical studies.

Harnett J et al (2020).
Adv Integr Med.
DOI:
10.1016/j.aimed.2020.08.001
PubMed:
32864330

Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry.

Review
Młynarczyk K, Walkowiak-Tomczak D and Łysiak GP (2018).
J Funct Foods.
DOI:
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