Scientists found that using solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract bioactive components from Hom herbs yielded extracts with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anticancer properties. Distilled water, ethanol, and 50% ethanol were effective solvents for extracting these components. The extracts showed potential for treating bacterial infections and exhibited anticancer effects. Ethanol-extracted Hom showed high cytotoxicity.
Researchers investigated the antiviral properties of the Chinese herbal medicine, (Nees) Kuntze, against the Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63), which commonly infects the immunocompromised, children, and elderly. The methanol extract of the plant's leaves and its major components, such as tryptanthrin and indigodole B, effectively inhibited the virus' ability to reproduce and cause cellular damage in infected cells. Tryptanthrin, in particular, prevented various stages of the virus' replication process, including blocking viral RNA genome synthesis and protease activity. The study highlights the potential of the plant extract and its components to combat respiratory viral infections caused by HCoV-NL63.