Neuroscience Studies

Biochemical Properties and Neuroprotective Effects of Compounds in Various Species of Berries.

Berries, like blueberries and lingonberries, contain high amounts of polyphenols that act as antioxidants and have potential benefits for brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Several studies have shown the beneficial effects of berries in cell and in vivo models of neurodegenerative disease. This review explores the metabolic mechanisms that plants and animals have developed to combat reactive oxygen species, the bioavailability of these compounds in mammals, and the neuroprotective abilities of berries and polyphenols. The researchers found that the leaves of blueberries and lingonberries have a higher antioxidant capacity than the fruits and have demonstrated neuroprotective effects in cellular and animal models.

Neuroscience Vaccinium angustifolium
Kelly E, Vyas P and Weber JT (2017).
Molecules.
DOI:
10.3390/molecules23010026
PubMed:
29271934

Simultaneous adaptation and maladaptation of tree populations to local rhizosphere microbial communities at different taxonomic scales.

This study investigated how the microbial communities surrounding trees affect plant populations. Researchers grew seedlings from multiple locations in soil with microbial communities from all locations in a reciprocal design. They found that while seedlings grew similarly when inoculated with local or foreign microbial communities, conflicting patterns revealed that plant populations were adapted to the presence or absence of whole taxonomic groups in their local microbial community, but were maladapted to the particular microbial populations present in their local site. This suggests that the establishment of seedlings may depend on the balance between the novelty and familiarity of the microbial communities they encounter. As a result, climate change and other factors that move tree populations into new areas may have a significant impact on their ability to establish and thrive.

Neuroscience Ostrya virginiana
Lankau RA and Keymer DP (2018).
New Phytol.
DOI:
10.1111/nph.14911
PubMed:
29206295

Chemotaxonomic Diversity of Three Ficus Species: Their Discrimination Using Chemometric Analysis and Their Role in Combating Oxidative Stress.

Moraceae, a plant genus with over 850 species and 2000 varieties, has potential for producing safe and effective remedies for many health disorders.

Neuroscience Ficus palmata
Al-Musayeib N et al (2017).
Pharmacogn Mag.
DOI:
10.4103/pm.pm_579_16
PubMed:
29142422

Phylogeny and taxonomy of Echinodontium and related genera.

This study analyzed the genetic relationship between eight species of fungi in the Russulales order. They used two genetic sequences and found that some fungi belong to previously established groups while others needed new classifications. The study also established a new genus for one species and identified a new species not previously described. The study provides a tool for identifying these fungi and adds to our understanding of their evolutionary history.

Neuroscience Echinodontium tinctorium
Liu SL et al (2017).
Mycologia.
DOI:
10.1080/00275514.2017.1369830
PubMed:
29020509

Antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz (wild service tree) fruits.

Researchers evaluated the antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Sorbus torminalis fruits and found high levels of antioxidant activity in water, ethyl acetate, and acetone extracts. The water extract also showed moderate ability to inhibit AChE. These findings suggest that the fruits of S. torminalis may be a natural source of antioxidants and AChE inhibitors.

Neuroscience Sorbus torminalis
Hasbal G, Yilmaz-Ozden T and Can A (2015).
J Food Drug Anal.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfda.2014.06.006
PubMed:
28911446
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