Neuroscience Studies

Taxonomic importance of pollen morphology in Veratrum L. (Melanthiaceae) using microscopic techniques.

This study aimed to clarify the controversial intrageneric relationships of the genus Veratrum of the family Melanthiaceae. Through detailed observation of pollen morphology using light and electron microscopes, researchers investigated their significance for Veratrum taxonomy. The results revealed unique characteristics that support classifying Veratrum into two separate species rather than sections. The ratio of polar to equatorial axis length, pollen characteristics, colpus morphology, and surface ornamentation were found to be important in species identification and delimitation. This study contributes to a better understanding of Veratrum taxonomy and can aid in future research.

Neuroscience Veratrum album
Hu Z et al (2020).
Microsc Res Tech.
DOI:
10.1002/jemt.23479
PubMed:
32208540

Phenolic Glycosides from the Roots of Ficus hirta Vahl. and Their Antineuroinflammatory Activities.

Researchers isolated seven new phenolic glycosides and 20 related compounds from the roots of Vahl, an edible functional food. They tested the antineuroinflammatory effects of all compounds using Western blot and found that two compounds, labeled and , decreased the occurrence of neuroinflammation in microglia cells. The results suggest that these compounds could potentially be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting proteins in NF-κB, MAPK, or AKT signaling pathways.

ImmunologyNeurosciencePhytochemistry Ficus hirta
Ye X et al (2020).
J Agric Food Chem.
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07876
PubMed:
32167773

Multi-locus phylogeny and taxonomy of an unresolved, heterogeneous species complex within the genus Golovinomyces (Ascomycota, Erysiphales), including G. ambrosiae, G. circumfusus and G. spadiceus.

The study examined the evolutionary relationship between powdery mildew species in the Golovinomyces genus and their hosts in the Asteraceae plant family. It found that Golovinomyces growing on Heliantheae plants formed a distinct lineage including three species, but also included specimens from other Asteraceae tribes and plant families, indicating a plurivorous species. The researchers used multiple DNA data sets to clarify discrepancies between previous studies and updated the classification and host ranges of the species.

Neuroscience Eupatorium cannabinum
Qiu PL et al (2020).
BMC Microbiol.
DOI:
10.1186/s12866-020-01731-9
PubMed:
32138640

Lepidine B from Lepidium sativum Seeds as Multi-Functional Anti- Alzheimer's Disease Agent: In Vitro and In Silico Studies.

In this study, researchers tested the anticholinesterase effects of L. sativum and other plants. They specifically looked at the ability of two compounds, Lepidine B & E, to inhibit various enzymes involved in nervous system signaling. The researchers were able to determine the specific interactions between the compounds and the enzymes. These findings suggest potential therapeutic applications for the compounds in neurological disorders.

Neuroscience Lepidium sativum
Talia S et al (2021).
Curr Comput Aided Drug Des.
DOI:
10.2174/1573409916666200302120305
PubMed:
32116197

Neuroprotective effect of Reinwardtia indica against scopolamine induced memory-impairment in rat by attenuating oxidative stress.

The study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and memory protective effect of Reinwardtia indica, a plant used in Asian folk medicine. Rats were given extracts of the plant and tested for their ability to learn and remember tasks after being induced with memory impairment. The alcoholic extract at a higher dose showed the potential to reverse memory deficits and counteract the effects of scopolamine, a drug that impairs memory. The extract was also found to increase acetylcholine levels and antioxidant enzymes while decreasing acetylcholinesterase activity. Chemical profiling of the extract showed the presence of chemicals known for their neuroprotective, memory-enhancing, and antioxidant properties. These results suggest that Reinwardtia indica has the potential to be used in the treatment of memory-related disorders.

Neuroscience Reinwardtia indica
Upadhyay P et al (2020).
Metab Brain Dis.
DOI:
10.1007/s11011-019-00479-0
PubMed:
32026225
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