Neuroscience Studies

assessment of antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-urease and anti-tyrosinase capacities of leaves extracts.

Researchers analyzed the chemical contents of methanolic crude extract and its fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol, aqueous) using LC-MS analysis. They then tested the antioxidant properties (via DPPH, ABTS, etc. assays) and ability to inhibit enzymes (AChE, BChE, etc.). The study highlights the potential pharmacological properties of the extract and its potential for use in alternative medicine.

ImmunologyNeuroscience Tamarix africana
Anissa Trad Khodja E et al (2023).
J Tradit Chin Med.
DOI:
10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230105.003
PubMed:
36994513

Betanin mitigates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment by restoring cholinergic function, boosting brain antioxidative status, and increasing BDNF level in the zebrafish model.

Beta vulgaris's betalains have shown potential for medicinal benefits due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In a study with zebrafish, betanin at 50 and 100 mg/L doses demonstrated therapeutic potential for treating cognitive deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by scopolamine, while reducing anxiety and acetylcholinesterase activity. The results suggest that betanin has neuroprotective properties.

Neuroscience Beta vulgaris
Thawkar BS and Kaur G (2023).
Fish Physiol Biochem.
DOI:
10.1007/s10695-023-01185-6
PubMed:
36991213

Neuroprotective potential of Ginkgo biloba on alteration of rat cerebellum following prenatal exposure to cyclophosphamide.

This study investigated the effects of prenatal exposure to the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide on the cerebellar tissues of rats. The researchers found that exposure caused significant decreases in the number and volume of certain cells, and histopathological evaluation confirmed these findings. They also tested the neuroprotective potential of Ginkgo biloba and found that it significantly attenuated the negative effects of the drug. These results suggest that prenatal exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs can have significant impacts on brain development, but that neuroprotective agents may offer some degree of protection.

Neuroscience Ginkgo biloba
Weli SHW and Yahyazadeh A (2023).
J Chem Neuroanat.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102268
PubMed:
36989922

Pharmacological evaluation of the anxiolytic-like effects of an aqueous extract of the Raphanus sativus L. sprouts in mice.

Researchers studied the anxiolytic effects of an aqueous extract of Raphanus sativus sprouts (AERSS) on mice using multiple tests and found that a dosage of 30mg/kg administered directly into the abdomen produced an anxiolytic-like response. They also found that the extract had no acute toxicity and that the anxiolytic activity of the extract involves GABA/BDZs and serotonin 5-HT receptors, which may be beneficial in treating anxiety. The extract's phytochemical analysis revealed several major constituents, including sulforaphene, sulforaphane, iberin, and indol-3-carbinol.

Neuroscience Raphanus sativus
Hernández-Sánchez LY et al (2023).
Biomed Pharmacother.
DOI:
10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114579
PubMed:
36989714

Antioxidant effects of silver nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis from the aqueous extract of Eryngium carlinae on the brain mitochondria of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Researchers evaluated the effects of Eryngium carlinae, a plant used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat diabetes, on brain function in diabetic rats. They used green synthesis to make nanoparticles that enhance the plant's properties. Results showed that both the plant extract and its nanoparticle combination reduced the production of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and restored mitochondrial function in the brain. The extract-nanoparticle combination also decreased blood glucose and triglyceride levels. These findings suggest that both treatments could be beneficial for treating diabetes.

DiabetesImmunologyNeuroscience Eryngium carlinae
Lemus-de la Cruz J et al (2023).
J Bioenerg Biomembr.
DOI:
10.1007/s10863-023-09963-w
PubMed:
36988777

Nootropic Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees as Potential Cognitive Enhancers.

Plant-based nootropics are natural drugs that can improve cognitive abilities through various mechanisms. They enhance erythrocyte plasticity, inhibit aggregation, and possess antioxidant activity that protects brain tissue from neurotoxicity. They induce the synthesis of neuronal proteins, nucleic acids, and phospholipids for constructing and repairing neurohormonal membranes. The study provides brief descriptions of representative species, their chemical composition, uses, dosages, and contraindications. These plant nootropics have potential therapeutic benefits for treating cognitive disorders, but must be taken at optimal doses for extended periods, and their psychoactive properties are produced by a synergistic combination of several compounds.

Neuroscience Centella asiaticaEleutherococcus senticosusWithania somnifera
Malík M and Tlustoš P (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12061364
PubMed:
36987052

A Mixture of Artemisia argyi and Saururus chinensis Improves PM(2.5)-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in the Lung and Brain.

This study investigated the impact of a mixture of plant compounds (AASC) on cognitive dysfunction in mice exposed to fine particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 µm. The results confirmed cognitive dysfunction in the PM group, which resulted in oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. AASC suppressed brain and lung oxidative stress and inflammation, which reduced brain Alzheimer's beta (Aβ) expression. This suggests that consuming plants with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity may prevent cognitive decline caused by PM exposure.

ImmunologyNeuroscience Artemisia argyiSaururus chinensis
Kang JY et al (2023).
Plants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/plants12061230
PubMed:
36986919

Add-On Treatment with Passiflora incarnata L., herba, during Benzodiazepine Tapering in Patients with Depression and Anxiety: A Real-World Study.

The study tested the effectiveness of a natural extract in reducing benzodiazepine misuse in depressed and anxious patients long-term treated with benzodiazepines. The study involved 186 patients, with half receiving the extract as an add-on treatment. The results showed a significantly higher rate of reduction in benzodiazepine dosage in the group receiving the extract, with complete discontinuation achieved at 1 and 3 months. This suggests the extract may be an effective add-on treatment during benzodiazepine tapering. Further studies are needed to investigate its potential in managing this important health issue.

Neuroscience Passiflora incarnata
Zanardi R et al (2023).
Pharmaceuticals (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/ph16030426
PubMed:
36986524
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