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Papaver somniferum in seventeenth century (Italy): archaeotoxicological study on brain and bone samples in patients from a hospital in Milan.

Scientists analyzed preserved brain tissue and bone samples from 17th century patients of a Milan hospital. In a multidisciplinary study, toxicological and other analyses were performed on biological samples from nine individuals. Archeotoxicological testing showed the presence of opium-derived compounds, including codeine and morphine. The researchers concluded that Papaver somniferum, a plant used for its narcotic, analgesic, astringent, coagulant, and antitussive properties, was used in pharmacological therapies administered to patients. The study highlights treatments given to patients before their death and provides insight into medical practices in the 1600s.

Giordano G et al (2023).
Sci Rep.
PubMed:
36854677