Neuroscience Studies

Effect of cannabinoids on brain metabolites: A review of animal and human studies.

This study looked at the effects of two major cannabinoids, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol, on brain metabolites using human and animal studies. The researchers found evidence that these cannabinoids may alter brain metabolite levels in distinct ways from each other, but more research is needed. Understanding these effects could help improve the design of future studies of cannabinoids on brain metabolites.

Neuroscience Cannabis sativa
Ma J et al (2023).
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol.
DOI:
10.1037/pha0000553
PubMed:
35201831

[Effects of Nardostachys jatamansi on gut microbiota of rats with Parkinson's disease].

This study looked at the effects of Nardostachys jatamansi, a traditional Chinese medicine, on the gut microbiota of rats with Parkinson's disease. The researchers found that the extract improved behavior and reversed increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and protein aggregation in the colon and striatum, indicating a potential neuroprotective effect. They also discovered a decrease in gut microbiota diversity and abundance in the PD model, and the extract increased the relative abundance of certain beneficial bacteria while reversing the increase of harmful ones. This study provides a basis for combining traditional and modern medicine to treat PD.

Neuroscience Nardostachys jatamansi
Wan GH et al (2022).
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi.
DOI:
10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210922.701
PubMed:
35178995

Decipher the inhibitory potential of phytocompounds from Leptadenia reticulata on dopamine D2 receptor to enhance prolactin secretion.

Researchers investigated the mechanism by which the medicinal plant Jivanti increases breast milk production. Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) activation inhibits lactotroph cell prolactin synthesis. In-silico analysis of phytocompounds from Jivanti identified campesterol and β-sitosterol as having high binding affinity (-10.1 and -10.0 kcal/mol) with D2R and stable interaction for prolactin release, which may increase breast milk production. Campesterol had good solubility and absorption characteristics, making it a candidate medication for boosting breast milk production. Jivanti has traditionally been consumed by nursing mothers to improve breast milk production.

Neuroscience Leptadenia reticulata
Sharma RK et al (2022).
Drug Res (Stuttg).
DOI:
10.1055/a-1735-2887
PubMed:
35176795

Ecballium elaterium attenuates neuroinflammation in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease through modulation of nuclear factor κB pathway.

This study evaluated the potential of a Mediterranean plant as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease by testing its anti-inflammatory properties in rats with AD symptoms. They found that the plant had positive effects on both biochemical markers and behavior in the rats. Additionally, the researchers investigated the plant's impact on the NF-κB pathway, which is responsible for inflammation, and found that the plant could potentially reduce inflammation in individuals with AD.

ImmunologyNeuroscience Ecballium elaterium
Heysieattalab S and Sadeghi L (2022).
Avicenna J Phytomed.
DOI:
10.22038/AJP.2021.18881
PubMed:
35145898

Prunus cerasoides Extract and Its Component Compounds Upregulate Neuronal Neuroglobin Levels, Mediate Antioxidant Effects, and Ameliorate Functional Losses in the Mouse Model of Cerebral Ischemia.

This study looked at the neuroprotective potential of a plant compound, PC, in a mouse model of stroke. The researchers found that PC extract and certain components of the extract increased levels of a neuroprotective factor called neuroglobin and reduced damage in brain cells following stroke. In mice treated with PC extract, there was improved behavior and decreased cell death in the brain. This suggests that PC may have potential as a protective treatment for stroke.

CardiologyNeuroscience Prunus cerasoides
Kim SD et al (2021).
Antioxidants (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/antiox11010099
PubMed:
35052603

Protective Efficacy of Spilanthes acmella Murr. Extracts and Bioactive Constituents in Neuronal Cell Death.

Murr. is a traditional Thai medicine known for its various pharmacological activities. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Murr. extracts and bioactive compounds through antioxidative pathways using human neuroblastoma cells. Dexamethasone-induced neuronal cell death was reversed by Murr. MeOH and EtOAc extracts and bioactive compounds, which increased cell viability and reduced reactive oxygen species, autophagy, and apoptosis. Murr. may be a candidate therapy for neuroprotection through its activation of antioxidant marker proteins SOD2 and SIRT3.

Neuroscience Spilanthes acmella
Suwanjang W et al (2022).
Rejuvenation Res.
DOI:
10.1089/rej.2021.0002
PubMed:
35044248

Cirsium japonicum var. Maackii Improves Cognitive Impairment under Amyloid Beta(25-35)-Induced Alzheimer's Disease Model.

Researchers studied the protective effects of an herbal medicine called CJM on mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD). They focused on the ethyl acetate fraction from CJM (ECJM), which has anti-inflammatory properties, and found that it improved the mice's spatial and object recognition memory, as well as their learning and memory abilities. The ECJM also inhibited lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production, indicating that it improves cognitive impairment by reducing oxidative stress. This study suggests that CJM could be used as a treatment for AD and may have potential as a functional food material.

Neuroscience Cirsium japonicum
Pang QQ et al (2022).
Biomed Res Int.
DOI:
10.1155/2022/4513998
PubMed:
35036433

Dose dependent anticonvulsant activity of Morus nigra in strychnine induced seizures model.

The study evaluated the anti-seizure activity of Morus nigra (black mulberry) in different doses. Groups of rats were given different doses of Morus nigra for 15 days prior to being administered strychnine. Results showed significant seizure protection, particularly in the 500mg/kg dose group, with delayed latency of seizures, decrease in frequency, and decreased duration of jerks. The anticonvulsant activity could be due to potentiation of both Gabaergic and glycinergic activities and the antioxidant activity of Morus nigra could serve as a non-pharmacological treatment for seizure management.

Neuroscience Morus nigra
Zehra T, Sarfaraz S and Ikram R (2021).
Pak J Pharm Sci.
PubMed:
35034877
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