Neuroscience Studies

Medicinal plants used in traditional Mayan medicine for the treatment of central nervous system disorders: An overview.

This study discusses the use of natural resources in traditional Mayan medicine to treat neurological and psychological conditions. The experimenters highlight the importance of cultural and ethnopsychiatric interpretations in Mayan medicine and recognize the role of herbs in Mayan treatments. This study shows the potential for natural resources to treat CNS disorders in non-Western medicinal practices.

Neuroscience Justicia pectoralisPetiveria alliacea
Castañeda R et al (2022).
J Ethnopharmacol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2021.114746
PubMed:
34656668

Fatty acid composition and lipid profiles as chemotaxonomic markers of phytopathogenic fungi Puccinia malvacearum and P. glechomatis.

Researchers examined the fatty acid composition of the phytopathogenic fungi Puccinia malvacearum and P. glechomatis to determine their chemotaxonomic markers. Both species synthesized unusual fatty acids like 9,10-epoxy-octadecanoic acid and hydroxy fatty acids. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry revealed the complexity of molecular lipid species of these fungi. The lipid composition of P. malvacearum and P. glechomatis can be used in chemotaxonomic studies due to their diversity of neutral and polar lipids and fatty acids.

Neuroscience Alcea rosea
Wołczańska A et al (2021).
Fungal Biol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.funbio.2021.05.008
PubMed:
34649673

Target-directed evolution of novel modulators of the dopamine transporter in Lobelia cardinalis hairy root cultures.

Researchers identified lobinaline N-oxide, a water-soluble derivative of lobinaline, an atypical dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitor lead from Lobelia cardinalis, through "target-directed evolution" of mutant L. cardinalis cell population expressing human DAT. Lobinaline N-oxide showed promising therapeutic potential to treat Substance Use Disorder (SUD) as it prolonged dopamine peak amplitudes in the ventral striatum and produced complex changes in post-peak dopamine clearance. Target-directed evolution of plant cells has been proved useful for lead optimization in drug development.

Neuroscience Lobelia cardinalis
Rogers DT et al (2021).
J Biotechnol.
DOI:
10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.10.001
PubMed:
34648893

Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis extract GJ-4 alleviated cognitive deficits of APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

GJ-4, a traditional Chinese medicine extract, has neuroprotective effects on cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. However, the mechanism behind this is unclear. Previous studies indicate that traditional Chinese medicines can effectively treat various diseases by acting on multiple targets.

Neuroscience Gardenia jasminoides
Zang C et al (2021).
Phytomedicine.
DOI:
10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153780
PubMed:
34607163

Evaluation of selected carotenoids of Lycopersicon esculentum variants as therapeutic targets for 'Alzheimer's disease: an in silico approach.

This study explored the potential of certain plant compounds found in tomatoes to treat Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting cholinesterases. Researchers used software to analyze four potential inhibitors and found that neoxanthin was the safest and most effective at binding to the cholinesterases. It also remained stable in a simulated biological environment, indicating it could be a viable drug candidate for treating Alzheimer's. These findings highlight the potential therapeutic properties of phytochemicals in tomatoes for combating Alzheimer's disease.

Neuroscience Lycopersicon esculentum
Bakare OO et al (2021).
BMC Mol Cell Biol.
DOI:
10.1186/s12860-021-00386-2
PubMed:
34592924

Chemical constituents from Solanum nigrum and their neuroprotective activities.

The experimenters isolated 10 compounds from a source and determined their structures through various analytical techniques. They then tested the compounds for neuroprotective effects in cells and found that three showed moderate effectiveness. The study highlights potential compounds for future development of neuroprotective treatments.

Neuroscience Solanum nigrum
Bai M et al (2022).
J Asian Nat Prod Res.
DOI:
10.1080/10286020.2021.1978987
PubMed:
34585635

Neuroprotective effect of wild lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) on global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: Downregulation of iNOS/TNF-α and upregulation of miR-146a/miR-21 expression.

A study investigated the neuroprotective effect of wild lowbush blueberry on rats with induced cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. The rats were injected with BBE for 14 days and several parameters were measured. Results showed that BBE significantly decreased oxidative stress levels and increased antioxidant power levels in the hippocampus and serum, while also modulating neuroinflammatory cascades and protecting neurons against ischemic death. The study suggests that BBE may have potent neuroprotective efficacy against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

CardiologyNeuroscience Vaccinium angustifolium
Moradi Z et al (2021).
Phytother Res.
DOI:
10.1002/ptr.7296
PubMed:
34580912

Multi-Target Actions of Acridones from Atalantia monophylla towards Alzheimer's Pathogenesis and Their Pharmacokinetic Properties.

Ten compounds from were tested for their effectiveness in treating Alzheimer's disease. They were found to have strong antioxidant effects, inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), prevent the aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ), and protect neurons. The researchers used computer modeling to predict the compounds' drug properties, and found that they were all favorable. The compounds work by inhibiting AChE activity and binding to specific regions of Aβ. One compound, citrusinine II, showed the best results in vitro and may provide protection against neuronal damage caused by Aβ toxicity and hydrogen peroxide.

Neuroscience Atalantia monophylla
Takomthong P et al (2021).
Pharmaceuticals (Basel).
DOI:
10.3390/ph14090888
PubMed:
34577588
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